The physicians are obsessive about monitoring the tracking system for new patients being placed in rooms. Patients not yet seen by a qualified medical professional appear with a red cue on the tracker, and it is unusual to see more than a few red cues on the tracking board even on a busy afternoon. It is also unusual to see a patient who has been waiting to see a physician for more than 20 minutes. Because the department is so wildly efficient, it has bed capacity most times of the day, but unlike many EDs of this size, it also has clearly articulated processes and flow changes that occur when there is a surge. The hospital was recently at capacity for 24 hours, and the ED boarded 55 admissions. It turned on its surge plan, which included the following changes:

1. Most patient rooms have a curtain that can convert the room to a double room (with one bed and one chair), essentially making this a 200-bed ED.
   

   Curtains in patient rooms can convert the room to a double room, with one bed and one chair.

2. Stable patients are moved to a chair in their currently occupied room to allow a sicker patient to take the bed. The electronic health record has also been adapted to identify surged patients. For example, room 14 becomes bed 14 and 14 A for ambulatory.
3. Managerial nurses maintain their clinical and technology skills so that they can become clinical nurses during surge times.
4. The ED leaders designed their department to have family lounges peppered throughout the area, and these can be converted into vertical patient treatment locations very easily.
5. The very unique provider scheduling model has physicians overlapping their work schedules all day and flexing the time up or down depending on patient needs. This serves the ED well during surges.

The emergency department has one of the most up to date and clutter-free departments, and it boasts many new ED design innovations and products, including:

1. Acuity-adaptable rooms with a retractable headwall such that the same room can serve as an acute medical treatment room or as a behavioral health treatment room hiding medical equipment.
   

   Retractable headwalls allow acute medical treatment rooms to convert to behavioral health treatment rooms by hiding medical equipment.

2. “Same handedness” of rooms, meaning that all rooms in a unit are organized identically.
3. Large highly visible digital tracking boards that allow for quick location of patients and their caregivers and the status of care. (This is not a HIPAA violation.)
4. Decentralized self-stocking linen carts that determine by the weight of the removed linen item what needs to be restocked so that sheets, gowns, and towels are never out of stock.
5. Nursing carts that have everything a nurse might use at the bedside. As items are removed, the cart keeps track for easy replacement of supplies.
6. An observation deck above and between two critical care resuscitation rooms to allow medical students, nursing students, and emergency medical service trainees the opportunity to observe critical care administered to medical and trauma patients.
7. Ample computer stations and laptop carts that accompany the scribes to the bedside.
8. A “grief suite” that has a small family space adjoining a viewing room for the deceased patient—the morgue personnel enter and exit with the body from their own entrance to avoid a procession through the department with the deceased.
9. Nature views and artwork to create a soothing environment.
10. Chairs treated with antibacterials in communal spaces.
11. Recessed equipment corridors that help give an uncluttered appearance.
12. An extremely clean and organized department with high-gloss floors and countertops.
13. Decentralization of supplies, clean and dirty utility rooms, and medication dispensation units.

Despite working in a very stressful environment in an ED with a very large footprint, the physicians and staff behave in a very civil manner, and a premium is placed on being flexible and cooperative. The glue that seems to hold it all together is a genuine commitment to patients.